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Bergamot (FCF)

Cam Bergamot FCF, đã loại bergapten

Citrus bergamia

Rectified bergamot, Furanocoumarin-free bergamot

Rutaceae · Vỏ quả, đã loại furocoumarin · Fruit peel, furocoumarin-removed · Cold-pressed then fractionally distilled

Botanical illustration of Citrus bergamia; fruit peel (furocoumarin-free) used to extract Bergamot (FCF) essential oil
Bergamot (FCF) essential oil, extracted from the fruit peel (furocoumarin-free) of Citrus bergamia. Botanical illustration, Lê Mai Library.

Safety

No specific contraindications.

Bergapten and other furocoumarins removed by fractional distillation or filtration. Not phototoxic.

Due to limonene content, prevent oxidation by storing in a dark, sealed, refrigerated container. Add an antioxidant to preparations containing FCF.

To comply with the SCCNFP bergapten threshold, bergamot FCF can be used up to 16.6 percent on skin.


Usage guidelines

Maximum dermal level
16.6 percent (per SCCNFP threshold)
Phototoxic Photosensitivity
No
Storage
Dark, sealed, refrigerated; add antioxidant

Chemistry

Volatile constituents
(+)-Limonene28.0 – 45.0 %
Linalyl acetate18.0 – 28.0 %
Linalool4.0 – 20.0 %
γ-Terpinene3.0 – 12.0 %
β-Pinene4.0 – 11.0 %
α-Pinene1.0 – 1.8 %
Residual furocoumarins
Bergamottin0 – 1.625 %
5-Geranyloxy-7-methoxycoumarin0 – 0.19 %
Citropten0 – 0.0052 %
Bergapten0 – 0.0091 %

Botanical source

Bergamot FCF is the variant with bergapten and other furocoumarins removed from cold-pressed bergamot oil.

Process: fractional distillation or adsorptive filtration. Trace furocoumarins remain at ppm levels.

The aroma is lighter than traditional cold-pressed bergamot. Part of the signature character is lost with the furocoumarins.


Notes

Higher activity against Candida species than natural expressed bergamot.

As FCF is non-phototoxic, it is widely used in mass-market cologne when a citrus note is needed without sun-exposure risk.