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Celery seed

Cần tây (hạt)

Apium graveolens

Apiaceae · Hạt · Seeds · Steam-distilled

Botanical illustration of Apium graveolens; seeds used to extract Celery seed essential oil
Celery seed essential oil, extracted from the seeds of Apium graveolens. Botanical illustration, Lê Mai Library.

Safety

Skin sensitization if oxidized

Oxidation products of (+)-limonene may sensitize skin.

Store in dark, sealed, refrigerated container. Add an antioxidant to formulations.

GRAS status. No irritation or sensitization at tested levels. Non-phototoxic.

Likely not hazardous in pregnancy based on data for the major constituents.

Sedanolide and 3-butyl phthalide reduced forestomach cancer incidence in mice.


Usage guidelines

Storage
Dark, sealed, refrigerated; add antioxidant
GRAS
Yes

Chemistry

Volatile constituents
(+)-Limonene68.0 – 75.0 %
β-Selinene2.0 – 12.5 %
α-Selinene2.0 – 12.1 %
Butylidene phthalide2.3 – 8.0 %
Sedanolide2.3 – 3.8 %
3-Butyl phthalide2.1 – 3.0 %
Ligustilide0 – 2.4 %
Sedanenolide2.2 – 2.3 %
Pentylbenzene1.7 – 2.0 %
Linalool0 – 1.5 %
β-Myrcene1.0 – 1.2 %
α-Pinene0.1 – 1.0 %

Botanical source

Celery seed oil is steam-distilled from dried seeds. The distinctive note comes from phthalides, a compound group rare in other essential oils.

Family Apiaceae. Produced mainly in India and China.

Phthalides have anticarcinogenic activity demonstrated in vivo in rat studies.


Quality

Limonene is the most common adulterant in commercial celery seed oil.