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Balsamite

Cúc thơm Balsamite

Chrysanthemum balsamita

Costmary, Alecost, Balsamita major

Asteraceae · Bộ phận trên mặt đất · Aerial parts · Steam-distilled

Botanical illustration of Chrysanthemum balsamita, whose aerial parts yield Balsamite essential oil
Balsamite essential oil, extracted from the aerial parts of Chrysanthemum balsamita. Botanical illustration, Lê Mai Library.

Safety

Neurotoxicity · Low risk

Potentially mildly neurotoxic due to thujone content.

Maximum adult daily oral dose 700 mg, based on 1 percent thujone and a limit of 0.1 mg per kg.

No specific contraindications.

Maximum dermal use level 2.3 percent, based on 51.5 percent carvone content and a limit of 1.2 percent to avoid skin sensitization.


Usage guidelines

Maximum dermal level
2.3 percent
Max adult oral dose
700 mg daily
Dermal basis
Carvone 51.5 percent
Oral basis
Total thujone 1.0 percent

Chemistry

Volatile constituents
(−)-Carvone51.5 %
β-Cubebene4.7 %
(+)-Limonene2.6 %
α-Thujone0.8 %
β-Thujone0.2 %

Botanical source

Chrysanthemum balsamita is a hardy perennial herb with long, silver-grey leaves, in the daisy family. Native to western and central Asia.

The aerial parts are steam-distilled. A camphor chemotype exists but is not currently commercially produced.

Botanical synonyms include Balsamita major and Pyrethrum majus.


Notes

Limited availability. The folk name alecost recalls a medieval practice of flavoring ale with the aromatic leaves.