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Decanoic acid

Capric acid · Decylic acid

Aliphatic carboxylic acid · C₁₀H₂₀O₂

Chemical structure of Decanoic acid
2D structure PubChem / NCI CIR

Chemical info

CAS number CAS
334-48-5
Molecular formula
C₁₀H₂₀O₂
Molecular weight
172.27 g/mol
Aroma
Faintly fatty, waxy, with a slight rancid note.

Safety

Low concern · Trace constituent

Decanoic acid appears at very low concentrations in a few essential oils. Available data indicate it is safe at standard use levels.

Skin. Applied undiluted to rabbit skin for 24 hours, it was moderately to severely irritating. A 1 percent patch test on 28 volunteers produced neither irritation nor sensitization.

Oral and dermal. Acute oral LD50 in rats is 3.73 g/kg. Acute dermal LD50 in rabbits exceeds 5 g/kg, levels typical of low-toxicity compounds.

Cancer. No antitumor effect was seen against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice. When mixed with tumor cells before injection, it showed tumor-inhibiting activity.

Usage guidelines

Concern level
Low
Concentration in oils
Trace, up to 1.3 percent
Regulatory limit
No IFRA or EU limit set specifically

Found in essential oils

Principal sources
Sugandha1.3 %

Notes

Decanoic acid is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid found abundantly in coconut and palm kernel oils as triglycerides. In essential oils it occurs only in trace amounts.