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Coniferyl benzoate

Benzoic acid (Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-yl ester

[(Z)-3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)allyl] benzoate

Phenolic phenylpropenoid ester · C₁₇H₁₆O₄

Chemical structure of Coniferyl benzoate
2D structure PubChem / NCI CIR

Chemical info

Molecular formula
C₁₇H₁₆O₄
Molecular weight
284.31 g/mol
Aroma
Deep balsamic, faintly vanillic, with raw Peru balsam character.

Safety

Moderate skin sensitizer

Coniferyl benzoate is a major constituent of raw Peru balsam and gum benzoin. The compound is a substituted phenol, a weak acid that can be corrosive to tissues.

Skin. The compound is classified as a moderate sensitizer in guinea pig testing. Among 102 Peru balsam sensitive patients, 29 reacted to 1 percent coniferyl benzoate. It has been suggested that coniferyl alcohol esters are the most important Peru balsam allergens: 70 of 82 Peru balsam sensitive patients reacted to coniferyl benzoate.

The compound appears only as a trace in distilled essential oils; sensitization risk relates chiefly to raw oils and resinoids.

Usage guidelines

Sensitization
Moderate, one of the main Peru balsam allergens
Source
Raw Peru balsam and benzoin resinoid

Found in essential oils

Principal sources
BenzoinTrace
Peru balsamTrace

Notes

Coniferyl benzoate is among the key allergens that explain the high rate of Peru balsam sensitivity in eczema populations. The compound is a marker constituent for cross-reactivity in the balsam group.