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Musk ketone

1-(4-tert-Butyl-2,6-dimethyl-3,5-dinitrophenyl)ethan-1-one

Musk ketone, 4'-tert-Butyl-2',6'-dimethyl-3',5'-dinitroacetophenone

Nitro musk · C₁₄H₁₈N₂O₅

Chemical structure of Musk ketone
2D structure PubChem / NCI CIR

Chemical info

CAS number CAS
81-14-1
Molecular formula
C₁₄H₁₈N₂O₅
Molecular weight
294.31 g/mol
Introduced
1894 (patent) · Albert Baur (nitro musk series)
Origin
Synthetic
Odor family
Musk
Note
Base
Aroma
Sweet, warm, powdery musk close to deer musk; regarded as the finest of the nitro musks.

History

Nitro musks were found by chance when Albert Baur was working on TNT-type explosives in the late 1880s. Musk ketone was among the nitro musks Baur described in the 1890s and for decades was a mainstay musk in perfumery.

From the 1980s, data on bioaccumulation and environmental effects led to growing restrictions on nitro musks. Musk ketone is still permitted by IFRA under a Specification Standard.

In perfumery

Musk ketone once formed the base of many classic perfumes. Its use has fallen sharply, replaced by macrocyclic and alicyclic musks.

Connections

Evokesmusk deer musk

Regulatory status

Persistent · IFRA specification · EU Annex III
IFRA 51
Specification: IFRA Standard for musk ketone (published 2010), setting purity and use conditions.
EU CosReg
Annex III, entry 97, all products except oral: maximum 1.4% in fine fragrance, 0.56% in eau de toilette, 0.042% in other products.
EU allergen 2023/1545
Not named individually in the expanded allergen list of Regulation 2023/1545.

Sources

  1. NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver, CAS 81-14-1 (formula, names)
  2. IFRA Standards, 51st Amendment: Index of IFRA Standards (notified 30 June 2023)
  3. Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 on cosmetic products, Annexes II and III
  4. Sell C.S. (ed.) The Chemistry of Fragrances: From Perfumer to Consumer, 2nd ed., Royal Society of Chemistry 2006
  5. American Chemical Society, Molecule of the Week: musk ketone